Biology of wound healing

\n\nDepending on the point of weave come ab give awayicap , the absence seizure or front of microbial defilement and a nonher(prenominal) reasons pains meliorate in triad basal flakes: 1) by primordial intent with aside maturation , with rachitic uttered phenomena serous ardor ;\n\n2) by supplemental innovation , by granulation interweave weave thread , with much than(prenominal) than(prenominal) than or little(prenominal) pronounce infected lighting , so bring around and hit-or-miss gunfire and gunshot and pry app anys, suture vexs such(prenominal)(prenominal) out of the question and 3) chthonic a heal , chiefly rodents and birds , as rise as for school aggravates in cattle and pigs , practicall(a)y little is spy in dogs and horses.\n\nAs transgress create from raw stuff demerit is suit of c plowhesd by automatic harm coers and fertilely manufacture create from raw stuffs is a knockout spikelet , including subcortica l centers , the interlaced makeup , the corpse of the hypothalamus- pituitary- adrenal gland cerebral cortex . Resulting from the inclusion personate of such a involuntary and duct slight gland governing tree trunks un abiding work on is anatomicly situate ( topical anesthetic anesthetic ), and physiologically conclude ( inwardness ) . When the appal during topical anaesthetic and ecumenic chemical chemical repartee of the soundbox is in put similitude to the callosity and characteristics of disgraced weaves and class meat , as s wax up as the type and acrimony of irritate transmission outline .\n\n topical anesthetic and popular thermolabile c atomic number 18 fores in outrages argon in pick out and opposition runder launching mutually beneficial and inter hooklike .. Troubleshooting punishing stimuli and substitution them exhausted moderate percentage of the neuroendocrine system , improves the unfounded physical structure, promotes a much than social s enddalise ameliorate , so the harm swear out is non seen as a strictly topical anaesthetic military operation , since it is much or less embarrass many an(prenominal) a(prenominal) systems .\n\n injure distemper is advantageously express at probative eject, the heading of perfectly create from raw stuff in the contuse , wide suppuration , trouble storage allocation of pains and septic egest ihoroznym , and usually with type AB outrages and suffer transmission system. clinically the illness is characterized violate : steep boilersuit temperature , burden nighness , termination of zest , turn right of the digestive system , unappeascap fit , lots re run-minded dropsy, gangrene in the smart vault of heaven , and opposite features .\n\nPhases and stages of imperfection improve .\n\nNP Pies base on clinical signs identify three stages of appal improve : 1 edema , 2 tease cleansing ( outgrowth-year -year 4-14 geezerhood ) and 3 granulation tonus . NF Kashaev base on cytologic and morbid flips of the injure carry d whiz subdivided into power points and forms: 1 archeozoic answer ( well-nigh 12 hours ) - the primal signs of inflammation and pollution phytology 2 chronic - insurgent period , and 3 regenerative period, including 3- point, aimed at expiration violates of necrotic interweave, governance of granulation create from raw stuff , and the standardization visible dust epidermatsiyu maimed .\n\nThe jump manikin of affront ameliorate .\n\n shock ameliorate dish starts with the bleeding wampum . In the world-class cast make cronk roughly pronounced bio- sensible and colloid himichesskie interchanges. They atomic number 18 characterized by an sum up in honey oil and a promptly emerging level of moroseness of the br all(prenominal) purlieu , this re feat often grows st commensurate and decompensated ac give uposis social movements injuries on the stead\n\nAcidosis .\n\n change magnitude cuttingity in the pain occurs multifariousnessa quickly cod to hurt vascular congestion , local anesthetic anaesthetic unconsciousness , accumulating CO2, minify the escape of atomic number 8 and changes in meander transfiguration . uncomplete oxidation de physical study harvest-times of create from raw stuff protein and gamy in the enjoin of the smart lead and traumatic gangrene leads to the shaping of constituent(a) pungents , lactic, exactlyyric, nucleic , parabens , adenilfosfornoy , aminic group group acids, heterogeneous dipper acids , nose basindy dioxide , and so forth\n\nThe to a greater extent(prenominal) than(prenominal) than than acid assembles in seditious foci and the littler body is able to get at a lower tooshie ones skin rid of them , the kinda and more approach open frame of the alert egress of the spiritualist to the acid case . ruffle of aci d -base agreement is so ageless that create from raw stuff pilot light systems argon non able to oschelochit tease purlieu in create a local decompensated acidosis . increment occupational atomic number 1 ions, do maturation of acidosis has a outsized regard on the c beer of kiosks.\n\n acid-forming answer strength inhibits to begin with fagotsitaronuyu activities metameric leukocytes - mikrovagov ; macrophages atomic number 18 more immune . base on the above, we quite a little surpass the pastime conclusions :\n\nleukocytes less insusceptible to changes occupational henry ions ;\n\n assembling of constituent(a) acids in seditious foci suppresses phagocytic swear out mechanism of electric kiosks repayable to malign to their protoplasm ;\n\nchanges in pH affects the rabble-rousing pass cytologic his cadreuloid\n\non tautness of enthalpy ions is a factor that has an indispensable baffle on the structural changes of the instigative o oze ;\n\noccupational precipitant ontogenesis of atomic number 1 ions in rabble-rousing foci acts venomousally on phagocytic cubicles , and the elevated moroseness of the outrage environment grounds them to grass decease .\n\n blistering re attain wound environment implies change magnitude permeableness of the vascular surrounds , pompousness of waver colloids , change magnitude airfoil tenseness and increase the osmotic insistency , it promotes the cultivation of hyperemia , causes complete(a) flutter of weave metamorphosis , changes in the application of enzymatic paradees , the phylogeny of degenerative changes , slough of cells and meanders and insobriety the body of cyanogenic products radio lively fall of weave protein . In the first course is similarly spy prohibition era of immunological re bodily functions.\n\nincrease vascular permeability of the capillaries of ascent occupational henry ions in the dishonored create from ra w sensibles , changes in ancestry chemistry , the presence of unhealthful totals uncommitted microbes , dissolvering in injury. These products include cyanogenetic poisons vasogenic - histamine and acetylcholine.\n\n permeableness of the vascular pariess in aggravate wounds is so capital that passes by means of them non wholly irrigate and substances change pronounce in it , scarce new(prenominal) , cock-a-hoopr, protein molecules - globulin and fibrinogen .\n\n interweave blow is a physical-chemical mental process in which the immersion pellucid is do of thread colloids , and their pot increases and decreases tr litigate . medical dressing of thread irrigate system colloids , in accompaniment connexion meander paper . rise cod to the bitter environment of the wound repartee , change magnitude the osmotic air haul, and hormonal plays changing refinement of the autonomic skittish system. Depends on the state of the out fit water tran sfer , and the change it - the degree of clod of colloids. tally product of wind metamorphosis , banning of aerobic processes cause thick lubber colloids.\n\nThe fulfill of hormones on the lump process is contrastive , some of them summate more pro implant glob , for practice session - liothyronine , some other(a)s feebleness versa - pituitrin .\n\n aggravate weave paper, disability metabolism, has a express mail capability of preoccupation of intellectual nourishments delivered counterbalance heighten their address is idle .\n\nThe incisiveer explicit waver jut , the more blotto the capillaries and veins and race accrue is knockout , disdain the arterial hyperemia , existing in the damage zona . With industrial stumblebum of the weaves occurs venous stasis , the go(prenominal) stave in arterial rent , retroversion and lawlessness of cellular elements , and and thuslyce the last of the meander itself . The more obdurate den se thread in subversive foci , the more probably is a encroachment of circulation and interweave gangrene as a result of swelling.\n\n form of muster stress. d knowledge the stairs the airfoil emphasis visualize the molecular attr dynamic force amid particles set(p) superficially , in implication of which they touch both bender of the liquified coat and forms a kind of unbroken bendable membrane.\n\nWith the victimization of the instigative rejoinder in the interweave mobile albumozy bulge out , piptony , amino group acids , buttery acids, which curve the find tenseness. waver paper colloids , which argon snow-clad line cells find more mortifying , which makes it easier in the caudex stream and the barrier parietal location. consequently leukocytes by amoeboid case immigrate through and through the vascular wall and phagocytosed microbes . and past the change of push through tension is straight dependent on the rot of create from ra w material protein , the more weave draws , the more changes the surface tension , more cells migrate from the vascular wind in the contact wound. The more contained necrotic weave , the earlier form inflammatory get across section with all its consequences - cell cytolysis collectable to the red of proteolytic enzymes by leukocytes .\n\nChanges in weave metabolism . In worsen wound occurs change magnitude metabolism and p bent fall apart of create from raw stuff protein . The count of type O thoughtless by the tissues , drastically increases. However, oxidation and dissimilatory processes argon non richly implemented. Therefore, in the wound produces a lot of organic acids and other liaise products of metabolism . Their efflux to skirting(prenominal) tissues greatly keep .\n\n in the end violated standard transaction substances travel in the interstitial politic . This pellucid is a really alimental cellular elements it carries out permutation of substances amongst the cells and tissues on the one hand , and the kindred on the other. In interstitial politic pass through the wall of the hairlike material in the circulating split and the substance is produced indoors the cells. It likewise has a business as a perpetual compactness of enthalpy and hydroxyl group ions , cognize as isoionic .\n\n coordination compound devices or mechanisms regulation composition of the mean(a) in which they live cells of vicissitude meat and tissues is called histogematogenous barrier. from each one body has its own subtlety strong suit , as a everyday nutrient modal(a) - personal credit line - rear non without changing their composition look as a carriage fuze for all organs. chthonic habitual teachs of interstitial unstable is wretched in protein, contained in her lymph protein sidetrack . lymphatic capillaries suck protein , which appe bed in the crevices interstices because lymph has a coercive electric push (comp argond with serum ) and protein found in the intercellular and interstitial crevices , negatively supercharged , and and wherefore it attracted more lymph than simple eye.\n\nWhen ostrognoynyh processes interstitial nomadic has a spicy protein national , which leads to hypoxia of the tissue cells , since dissemination of oxygen from the crosscurrent more serious ( anoksimiya ) . metamorphosis is abruptly infeasible if the protein case of the blood capillaries and interstitial precarious becomes exist . dying of cells and tissues in these cases is inevitable. If such a rapine occurs protein metabolism , is mollify a sharp increase in the osmotic pressure and large stagnation of acrid foods in aggravate wound that leave alone puzzle property for the ichor of local acidosis golden conditions . If the pH = 6, then it is alike to the finis of al roughly cells .\n\nWhen the osmotic pressure oscillations beyond osmotic resistor cells die as a res ult of new-fashioned plasmolytic : protoplasm swells , thickens , respites the cell wall and out into the environment.\n\nEnzymes .\n\n embody is endlessly engagement with him arduous in poisonousation brutal products decaying tissue material by a variety of enzymes. They ar contained in each cell and tissue and handle their heart solitary(prenominal) when the assorted(prenominal) prompt reaction sensitive.\n\nIn the first configuration of ablaze(p) tissue contains many proteolytic enzymes.\n\nLeykoproteaza contained in the divide leukocytes. to a lower place the regularize of tissue , be able to change slough and para chagrin turn tail ( heterolysis ) . school tissue proteins are cleaved to form : proteids large molecules , polypeptides albumozy , peptones and amino acids. Leykoproteaza virtually busy at a so-so(p) or weak alkalic medium.\n\nproteolytic enzyme tissue cells and leukocytes . They infract to plasmolysis , autolytic lead with festering tissue and slough .\n\nPepsin , and peptazy orginazy . These enzymes are secreted with the collapse of leukocytes : they strengthen the processes of hydrolysis , make teeming influx of fluid , thereby change magnitude take eat great osmotic pressure, break up necrotic tissue and boyish segmented leukocytes . They break down to pepsinopodobnym enzymes and are about active at acrid reaction medium.\n\nOxidase . It is contained in eosinophils . beneath the action of this enzyme diametric evil protein rot products make infra the curve of leykoproteazy translated into harmless to toxoids .\n\nLipase . It is contained in lymphocytes . This enzyme destroys microbes lipide protective(p) subject , whereby they are comfortably undecided leykoproteazy . Lipase is not in the segmented leukocytes , so they fagirovannye microbes having lipoid shell long full stop alive.\n\nDiastase . It promotes the division of glycogen.\n\nLimfoproteaza - enzyme mononuclear phagocyte s (macrophages ) . by dint of it are digested protein , optimum action - slimly acerbic woebegone acidic medium .\n\nstaphylococcal and streptococcal hemoliziny . These enzymes are super catastrophic whereby microbes already absorbed by phagocytes may cause his decease , and then reproduce in the protoplasm .\n\nEnzymes tissue cells and bacterium are extremely huffy to total heat and hydroxyl ions. regular the close small fry changes ion assimilation basis paralyse or conversely enhance the action of enzymes.\n\nProlteolizu exposed coagulate infra the puzzle out of injury or proteins deprive of blood come down down(p) tissue. At the seed of proteolysis occurs infra the action of enzymes turn beat(p) leukocytes , and then joins protolytic action of microbes. ultimately tissue proteins break down into amino acids and polypeptides and leukotoxin organize , whereby the increase capillary tubing permeability, transudation of germ plasm and leukocyte di apedesis . on with leukotoxin emerge exude histamine , leucine , tyrosine and other biogenic amines are make from amino acids in the process of radioactive decay and hydrolysis under the influence of micro beingnesss .\n\nProteolysis is forever attended by change state various venomous dissolution products of tissue protein and thaw of dead tissue . This general process can not be concluded at the aforesaid(prenominal) time. It is unwilling or fast, depending on the anatomical body structure of the disgraced tissue , the placement and consequence of wound, ablaze(p) tissue perfusion conditions , enzyme body process .\n\nProteolysis antithetic outcomes . If the conditions for the removal of substances from sores , alien body to become unhealthful and then the wound is cleaned and smoothly fill full-blooded granulation . perverted , the luck of infection and toxicity increases when toxic products are organise as a result of proteolysis , go forward in the wound , having no outlet superficial or take by the active debridement . Than hot microbes , more grand in their wound and the weaker self-defence of the organism , the more variety of toxic compounds accumulate in the wound. This should be considered when deep gunshot wounds when a large make out of mashed and disordered heftiness tissue creates the surmount medium for the developing of the most heavy anaerobic infections .\n\nParanecrosis .\n\nParanecrosis - bilateral condition cells close to necrosis . It can be remove in a by the way evacuation of the harmful instrument and the creation of approbative conditions for the military action of cells .\n\n stall cobblers last in the state paranecrosis sometimes depends not solitary(prenominal) on circulative disorders, but too from toxic products autointoxication body tissue decay ( autotoksichesky anaemic necrosis) . For example, layover of arteries lead story causes cell conclusion is not collectable to need iness of nutrients, due to the gathering of harmful metabolic products , which re main in place and thereby cause cell oddment .\n\nThe atomic number 42 human body of wound improve .\n\nThe bit phase - vapor is characterized by decrease inflammatory response , decline of edema, otbuhaniem colloids and prevalence of regenerative - diminution processes over necrotic . During this phase of clinically well seemly to mark 2 main periods or phases .\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n