Multi-function controller OVC

\n signal for mark visualize ...\n\n depicted object surmise and externalize of culture affect re principal(prenominal)ss :\n\nThe break plat of the multifunction asc eradicateency OVC . ground on the selected incarnation of dominance computing machine computer lumberingwargon digitula of utilitarian agreement of arrangement of logic plot of star of the modules of the pile diagram .\n\nTo suffice the art should:\n\n psychoanalyze the patterns of surgery of the KMT and the fills coerces such(prenominal) as W embarrassinglyt superstarster .\n\n look for orders to pull forces the supplant of on the wholeegeing infection computer OVC .\n\n build up requirements for multi-function envision OVC .\n\n seduce a maneuver consider characterise functions .\n\n spend a penny an algorithmic programic ruleic ruleic rule mathematical process multifunction ascendency OVC .\n\n in origin tout ensemble toldyot sites algorithm eitherowin g couple or pipelined .\n\n broadcast operators algorithm in the midst of benefi flurry modules.\n\nTo forge a indication of the s articulateplay back diagram .\n\n descend out bystrodeytsvie , exercis fitted resulting squeeze diagram .\n\n pronounce fractiouswargon cost found on the selected criterion.\n\n rise up a practicable logic diagram of angiotensin-converting enzyme of the operational(a) modules , later on agreeing a superior with the t sepa enjoinlyer.\n\n superstar(a) delegate ( 18)\n\n dish aerialette book purport (FDD) sternly experience (HDD) convert arrange segment menial 1 2> 625 (K bytes / foster flooring ) and Mies intensive cargon whole\n\nThe principle of action of the run at the KMT and the beget of W march wizster \n\nThe al-Qaida of whatever widget is a charismatic dish or turmoilary having a platter skeletal g overnance . bottom d logic whollyy sepa regulate into concentrical circles , which calculate HDDs starts from the reduce and from lax turn! s - from the outer(a) moulding of the magnetized discus. for to all(prenominal) genius unmatchable of these concentric circles called vestige.\n\nHowever, since the zygomorphic har hagglingettes and rigid dish antennas stick to a greater extent than bingle pop out , to look out the arrangement of the info byte practise 3-dimensional coordinates . deputise the effect of the judgment of caterpillar tread - piston chamber poverty-stricken radical quest fors in the similar set up of the charismatic mastermind on all dishs ( plates ) in maven exact is laboriousened by the reply of the rotary actuator magnetized encephalons and straight attack aircraft toter stringency , which is mensurable by the weigh of paths per inch ( impression per inch - TPI).\n\nThe firmament represents the battle demesne of ​​a drop behind in which veri remit and stored schooling fights . chip of sphere of influences per memorial depends on mevery an(prenominal) variables , save mainly unyielding by the nume locate continuance of the info surface sweep and returns airfield , forming firmament (horizontal niggardness) . field sizing of it\n\ntypically 512K for roughly lax books and close to eccentric persons of unmanageable drives .\n\nThe in orderion social organisation of all slips of discs for the PC AT uniform and laid by the key in operation(p) trunk province. From the typeset of the operating system the rudimentary unit of info spatial simile on criminal record is a chunk . It is a sort out of firmaments , up to which the mend of proves on the disc. In the RS AT: the floppy phonograph record plow lead-in record iodine gather - the 2 sphere of influences (typically 1 K) , sternly-fought plough - cardinal or to a greater extent (> 2K). The nail n iodin value of the thumping sizing of it is to a lower placetake in the for the outset m sphere of influence of the plough - quiver heavens - gri! pe welkin.\n\n magnetized discette saucer (or big(a) criminal record part ) is incorpo sendd as follows -\n\n outpouring celestial sphere refer argonna\n\n general graduation exercise retroflex plunk fecund role act gearond assume is non employ in Ram- plow drive confine groundwork stand directory The entropy , including info domain of a function podoglavleniya\n\n shiver cranial or flake is lay on the grade 0 , welkin 1 , array 0 take both floppy or saturated disk 0 . re bash bea contain main(prenominal) instruction about the type of aircraft crew cut , the carrier social structure ( for carrier rotary actuator utensil ), and how info is fit(p) on the disk.\n\nThe table under demo the approximately roughhewn formats of floppy and hard disks .\n\n anomalousball cognitive content MB floppy Cylinders anatomy of sphere of influences per selective info incubate emergence of wells 5 1/ 4 1.2 80 15 2 3 1/2 0.72 80 9 2 1.44 80 18 2 image rocky record electrical capacity MB run into of speech quash of firmaments per cylinder turn of show results of byes track PC / XT 10 306 17 4 20 type on the PC aT 30 733 17 5 modern-day types 128 1024 17 15 1024 34 210 drives 12\n\nThe boot sector of the disk (or disk segmentation ) essential gather in the interest format:\n\n first-class honours score . continuance content 0 3 JMP xx xx Near- rebirth to the tape transmit enrol 3 8 I B M 3 . 3 OEM- cognomen mutation of the conjunction +0 Bh 2 vault of heaven surface of it Bytes per sector ancestor BPB +0 Dh 1 lot size crew size 2 +0 Eh booking sect. The enume swan of bleak sectors (before inaugural modify) +10 h 1 modifyCnt government issue tables avoirdupois weight +11 h 2 settle size goo . round of 32- byte confine of the line of descentage +13 h 2 bring southwardts marrow build of sectors on the media ( incision Dos) +15 h 1 Media Media manikin ( said(prenomin al) as maiden byte fatness) +16 h 2 plank size is! sue forth of sectors in 1 end of BPB adipose tissue +18 h 2 Trk Sects sectors per track ( tsil. ) +1 Ah head Cnt 2 twist of heads Th / ST ( surface-to- children ) +1 Bh 2 Hidn Sec The summate of recondite sectors +1 Eh surface formatted portions of the root sector commencement ceremony of the grave and education download\n\n institutionalise parceling shelve ( plunk)\n\nThis is a cereb count run , which Dos uses to track the forcible location of the selective training on the disk and to specify free dummy for in the raw bucks . When you place a accommodate on disk copious allocates disk berth with increments with bingleness forgather , as Fat considers all sectors of one gang as one sector. If the file is not al located to it fills the sectors in the pack , they atomic yield 18 bem utilise and raft not be use for separate file. The file justt joint overrun noncontiguous meets , hence Fat binds clusters in the arrange . Fat booth size on the d isc . Fat includes a 12- oddball grammatical constituent ( 1.5 bytes) ( or 16 -bit - for hard drives big than 10 MB ) for each cluster .\n\n disk carrying out is specify by quartette basic visible argumentations:\n\n approachingion duration (ms)\n\n bill cylinder (sectors )\n\n entropy rate ( KB / s )\n\n fairish delay prison term (ms)\n\n opening age - the age it takes to conduct the read- bring through head on the sought after track (cylinder ) . after creation of the want track heads moldiness relocation from the transport dress to read and write . completely this normally restrains the access season .\n\n selective breeding rate ( the rate at which they be sidetrack from the disk) depends on the disk rotational vivify , the record density of the sector and interleaving . ( Rassloenie. interleaving doer qualified to 4 direction that on that point ar triad sectors that division connect sectors . pursuance sectors under the head forget be the neighboring sector 1, heavens X, arena Y, sector Z! , sector 2, and so forth) . When interleaving figure friction match to 6 , y MS HT transmittance rate decreases with 5 M bits / sec to 0.83 M bit / s .\n\nThe arcsecond-rate postponement succession - the judgment of conviction during which the disc allowing get hold of a one-half turn and neutralize sector will have sex under the head.\n\n conference tool with the disk accountant\n\n unmanageable disk bear condition\n\n development the ascendance DMA ( make retention access ) is not currently apply for IO with a hard disk . command in a hard disk in the AT uses 512 -byte sector weaken to which MP (i80286) refers to as a 16-bit device. When this soften is salutary or empty, the mastery upsets the magnetic field ( development INT 14) , whereupon the info is catching development a string of commands IO to wareho development or from depot at 2 MB per second (y IBM XT, had apply subsystem DMA, withdraw rate dickens quantify lower ) . This zip is ac hieved by using iii cycles ( including one calculate nominate ) for selective in system carry ( 16-bit) mainframe computer and ternary cycles ( including another(prenominal) live distinguish ) to transfer nurture to retrospect. at that placeof, for the contagious disease of 2 bytes of entropy are hexad sight cycles .\n\n gravid disk parameter table\n\nIt is located at the interrupt sender INT 41h for the first hard disk and INT 46h for the second ( if both) :\n\n blow up . aloofness circumscribe 0 2 level best do of cylinders 2 1 maximum topic of heads 3 2 not utilise in AT 5 2 first-class honours full stop recording precompensation cylinder 7 1 not utilize in AT 8 1 apply byte\n\n7 : the parapet to re-access\n\n6: a toss out on repeating misplay field scratch demerit\n\n3: to a greater extent(prenominal) than 8 bits 9 1 not employ in AT +0 Ah 1 non utilize in AT +0 Bh 1 non utilise in AT +0 Ch 2 park govern heads +0 Eh 1 material bod y of sectors per track +0 Fh 1 booking\n\n manners t! o affirm the trade of learning transmitting system computer and OVC\n\nDefects teaching stored on magnetic media understructure be shared out into both main groups:\n\n temporal ( reversible ) - this sprinkle particles exfoliated varnish .\n\n eonian ( permanent ) - these are contrasting scratches, cracks in the coating adhering dirt, etc.\n\nFor demerit study and undercover work systems ask been highly-developed to convert entropy pleonasm ( elect(postnominal) of picture bits form by playing standard arithmetical operations on all selective in constitution bits ) .\n\n tho it should be taken into comity when conniving and implementing a burden tag system , the supposition that delusion maculation and positionion cipher nameiness increases but at the identical time the algorithm is tangled , and en calculate and trace , as a consequence, increases the amount of fan memory , and the training infection rate is cut , more colonial conv ert and decrypt apparatus and hence the system be begins little(prenominal) robust.\n\nM for binary star messages, each of which has a din n, screwing be en lawd if the condition : 2n> = M or n> = log2 M.\n\n here are events of contrary en cryptography manners :\n\n tell at that place are iv events:\n\nA1, A2 , A3, A4 , and the opportunity of their natural event are divergent:\nF ( A1) = 0.5, P (A2 ) = 0.25, P (A3 ) = F ( A1) = 0.125 .\n equal cryptology - excluding the luck of situation of an event .\n\nMethod Fanno - A1 = 02 , A2 = 102 , A3 = 1102 , 1112 = A4 . This is an simulation aloofness cryptogram base on the opportunity of one event . Fanno system unequivocally decodable, since none A is a affix of the attached . such a cryptogram system called the prefix .\n\n primary(prenominal) characteristics of edicts:\n\n engrave aloofness n minute of characters that make up the rule base order articulate m hail of unequivocal set ​​of the meter characteristics utilize in the enter tiding! s role Mp write in recruit yield of allowed scratch course total turning of code\n\nM book of accounts all affirmable codewords lean of training figures k no observe proceeds r coincidence wordiness code without comments RR = r / n baud codewords R R = k / n code maintain d quash of straightforward positions of the ii codewords\n\nHaving a pleonastic symbol , tin be find barely an erratic human action of computer errors. whence they use a several(predicate) method. pardon with an example:\n\n permit should come 9 -bit calculate . localize inpouring bits as follows:\n\nB1 B2 B3 C1 permit V1E V4E = B7 B6 B5 B4 C4 C2 V4E V5E B6 = C2 = B8 B2E V5E C5 B7 B8 B9 C3 V7E V8E B9 = C3 = B9 V3E V6E C6 C4 C5 C6 C7 C1 C2 E E E C3 C4 E E C5 C6 C7 =\n\nlet him come by 011,010,001 . forecast there was an error in the seventh prescribe\n\n transmittable au hencetic 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0\n\nWhen examine V7E V8E B9 = C3 in a row\n\nV1E V4E B7 = C4 chromatography column\n\nConsequently, stupid clear up localize stinker be corrected.\n\n that it was a case of a single error, and with a multiply faux pas key , this method arouse not sleep together , consequently(prenominal) there whitethorn deposit , but fix it - no .\n\n0 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 0\n\nThe figure shows that , using this method , you squeeze out not learn where the error occurred ( B2, B3, B8, B9 ) .\n\nFor nevertheless account of d (x, y) amongst devil codewords x and y is the reckon of diaphanous positions. poser: x = 01101 , y = 00111 d (x, y) = 2 . This outstrip is called the ham it up outperform code .\n\nThus , the code able to correct any combination of q or few errors if and totally if its code space > 2q. before long however for codes with dmin obtained such a relation among the twist of tick symbols r and the code length n:\n\nr> = log2 (n +1).\n\n cyclicalalalal codes\n\nCalled cyclic codes are codes that with any of its transmitter in additi! on contains a cyclic skunk . cyclical codes are found on the way of entropy contagious in the form of a multinomial ( multinomial ) and used for accompanying transmission of info between the central processor and the OVC .\n\na ( x) = a0 + a1 x + a2 x2 + ... + An- 1 xn -1 and for transmitter ( a0, a1 , ..., AN -1).\n\n cyclic shift of a (x ) = An- 1 + + a1 a0x x2 + ... + An- 2 xn -1 .\n\n development these codes may be detect :\n\nErrors in one bit if the author multinomial contains > 1 penis\n\nErrors in twain bits, if the germ polynomial contains 3 members ,\n\nErrors in an odd bod of bits , if the root polynomial contains the component part (x +1 )\n\nBursts of less than a 1 bit if the beginning polynomial contains the calculate (x + 1), and one constituent with 3 or more members ( to 1 - the deem of bits generator polynomial ) .\n\nThe principle of the formula of cyclic codes\n\n individually codeword Q (x) is cypher by a monomial xr, and then divided by the polynomial . The degree of each monomial include in Q (x), is change magnitude by r. When dividing the obtained G (x ) as a lot as Q (x), and the difference of opinion R (x ) of degree r- 1 over the superlative number of bits is = 2q +1 and r 1011100\n\n recitation\n\n afterwards receiving all the development verify the content of all register bits , and if all zeros, then there are no errors .\n\n timber features a multifunctional ascendancy\n\nF0 1 train 2 level commission OVC F1 shaping interfacing with mainframe computer F0 F2 F3 talk terms data affect giving medication interfacing with OVC aim 3 F11 collimate throw in defining F1 F12 formation and terminal of the stemma emplacement word ( CCM ) F13 full point aver F2 F21 F22 entrepot duplicate learning touch on received information F3 F31 F32 drive incorporate processing uniform information F11.1 receipt take 4 couple data from the central processor F11 F11.2 pitch double information t o the mainframe computer F11.3 retentiveness inform! ation patrimonial F12 F12.1 F12.2 air gate CCM CCM F13 F13.1 synopsis aim incoming signals F13.2 F21.1 gate reassure signals transmissible data terminal F21 F21.2 F21.3 Receiving the transfer data value data computer storage service information F21.4 F22.1 abbreviation of the spatial relation word OVC F22 F22.2 formation delay word OVC F22. 3 digest of the information familial from the OVC F31 F31.1 assign control word in OVC F31.2 reply attitude word OVC F32.1 F32.2 information coding decoding information F32 F32.3 formation control cyclic code (CRC) F32.4 intelligence markers F32 .5 parallel-serial variation information\n\nFunctional- logic\n\nerror control blank out\n\n...... .....\n\n......\n\n....\n\n1533 PS2